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mic37501/37502 5a, low voltage cap ldo regulator super eta is a registered trademark of micrel inc. micrel inc. ? 2180 fortune drive ? san jose, ca 95131 ? usa ? tel +1 (408) 944-0800 ? fax + 1 (408) 474-1000 ? http://www.micrel.com general description the mic37501 and mic37502 are 5a, low dropout linear voltage regulator that provide low voltage, high current outputs with a minimum of external components. they offer high precision, ultra-low dropout (500mv), and low ground current. the mic37501and mic37502 operate from an input of 2.3v to 6.0v. they are designed to drive digital circuits requiring low voltage at high currents (i.e., plds, dsps, microcontrollers, etc.). they are available in fixed and adjustable output voltages. fixed voltages include 1.5v, 1.65v, 1.8v, 2.5v, and 3.3v. the adjustable version is capable of 1.24v to 5.5v. mic37501 and mic37502 ldos feature thermal and currentlimit protection and reverse current protection. logic enable and error flag pins are available. junction temperature range of the mic37501/02 is from ?40c to 125c. for applications requiring input voltage greater than 6.0v, see mic3910x, mic3915x, mic3930x, and mic3950x ldos. all support documentation can be found on micrel?s web site at www.micrel.com . features ? 5a minimum guaranteed output current ? 500mv maximum dropout voltage ? ideal for 3.0v to 2.5v conversion ? ideal for 2.5v to 1.8v, 1.65v, or 1.5v conversion ? stable with ceramic or tantalum capacitor ? wide input voltage range: - v in : 2.3v to 6.0v ? 1.0% initial output tolerance ? fixed and adjustable output voltages: ? mic37501?7 terminal fixed voltage ? mic37502?5 (to-263) and 7 (spak) terminal adjustable voltage ? excellent line and load regulation specifications ? logic controlled shutdown ? thermal shutdown and current-limit protection ? reverse-leakage protection ? low profile s-pak and to-263 packages applications ? ldo linear regulator for low-voltage digital ic ? pc add-in cards ? high efficiency linear power supplies ? smps post regulator ? battery charger typical applications vout vin vout vin flg gnd ven c out 100f, ceramic 100k mic37501 v in = 3.0v v out = 2.5v c in fixed 2.5v regulator with error flag vout vin vout vin adj gnd ven c out 100f, ceramic r1 r2 1.3v mic37502 v in c in adjustable regulator 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 012345 dropout (mv) output current (a) dropout vs. output current 2.5v out may 2011 1 m9999-050511-b
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 2 m9999-050511-b ordering information part number standard rohs compliant (1) output current voltage (2) junction temp. range package mic37501-1.5br mic37501-1.5wr 5a 1.5v ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37501-1.65br mic37501-1.65wr 5a 1.65v ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37501-1.8br mic37501-1.8wr 5a 1.8v ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37501-2.5br mic37501-2.5wr 5a 2.5v ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37501-3.3br mic37501-3.3wr 5a 3.3v ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37502br mic37502wr 5a adj. ?40c to +125c s-pak-7 mic37502bu mic37502wu 5a adj. ?40c to +125c to-263-5 notes: 1. rohs compliant with ?high-melting solder? exemption. 2. other voltage available. contact micrel for detail. pin configuration ta b 5 adj 4 vou t 3 gnd 2 vin 1en to-263-5 ta b 7 flg/adj 6 vout 5 vout 4 gnd 3 vin 2 vin 1en s-pak-7 pin description pin number to-263-5 pin number s-pak-7 pin name pin name 1 1 en enable (input): cmos-compatible input. logic high = enable, logic low = shutdown. 2 2, 3 vin input voltage which supplies current to the output power device. connect pins 2 and 3 together externally. 3 4 gnd ground (tab is connected to ground). 4 5, 6 vout regulator output: connect pins 5 and 6 together externally. ? 7 flg error flag (output): open collector output. active low indicates an output fault condition. 5 7 adj adjustable regulator feedback input. connect to resistor voltage divider.
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 3 m9999-050511-b absolute maximum ratings (1) supply voltage (v in ) ................................................. 6.5v enable input voltage (v en ) ....................................... 6.5v power dissipation(p d ) .......................... inte rnally limited junction temperature(t j ) ............... ?40c ?t j +125c storage temperature(t s ) ............... ?65c t j +150c lead temperature (solde ring, 5 se c.) ....................260c esd rating (3) ...............................................................2kv operating ratings (2) supply voltage (v in ) ......................................... 2.3v to 6.0v enable input voltage (v en ) .................................. 0v to 6.0v junction temperature range(t j ) ....... ?40c t j +125c maximum power dissipation ..................................... note 4 package thermal resistance s-pak( ja ) ......................................................... 38c/w s-pak( jc ) ........................................................... 2 c/w to-263( ja ).................................................... 26.2c/w to-263( jc )......................................................... 2 c/w electrical characteristics (5) t a = 25c with v in = v out + 1v; v en = v in ; bold values indicate ?40c < t j < +125c; unless otherwise noted. parameter condition min typ max units i l = 10ma ?1 +1 % output voltage accuracy 10ma < i out < i l(max) , v out + 1 v in 6v ?2 +2 % output voltage line regulation v in = v out +1.0v to 6.0v 0.06 0.5 % output voltage load regulation i l = 10ma to 5a 0.2 1 % i l = 2.5a 350 mv v in ? v out , dropout voltage (6) i l = 5a 330 500 mv ground pin current (7) i l = 5a 57 100 ma ground pin current in shutdown v il < 0.5v, v in = v out + 1v 1.0 a current limit v out = 0 5 7.5 11 a start-up time v en = v in , i out = 10ma, c out = 100f 170 500 s enable input regulator enable 2.25 v enable input threshold regulator shutdown 0.8 v v il < 0.8v (regulator shutdown) 2 4 a a enable pin input current v ih > 2.25v (regulator enabled) 1 15 30 75 a a flag output i flg(leak) v oh = 6v 1 2 a a v flg(lo) v in = 2.25v, i ol = 250a (8) 210 400 500 mv mv low threshold, % of v out below nominal 93 % hysteresis 2 % v flg high threshold, % of v out below nominal 99.2 % mic37502 only reference voltage 1.228 1.215 1.240 1.252 1.265 v v adjust pin bias current 40 80 120 na na
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 4 m9999-050511-b notes: 1. exceeding the ratings in the ?absolute ma ximum ratings? section may damage the device. 2. the device is not guaranteed to function outside its operating rating. 3. devices are esd sensitive. handling precautions recommended. human body model, 1.5k ? in series with 100pf. 4. p d(max) = (t j(max) ? t a ) / jc , where jc depends upon the printed circuit layout. se e ?applications information? section. 5. specification for packaged product only 6. v do = v in ? v out when v out decreased to 98% of its nominal output voltage with v in = v out + 1v. for output voltages below 1.75v, dropout voltage specification does not apply dut to a minimum input operating voltage of 2.3v. 7. i gnd is the quiescent current. i in = i gnd + i out . 8. for a 2.5v device, v in = 2.3v (device is in dropout).
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 5 m9999-050511-b typical characteristics 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 012345 dropout (mv) output current (a) dropout vs. output current 2.5v out 250 300 350 400 450 500 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 dropout (mv) temperature ( c) dropout vs. temperature 2.5v out 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 output voltage (v) input voltage (v) dropout characteristics (1.5v) 10ma load 5a load 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.7 output voltage (v) input voltage (v) dropout characteristics (1.8v) 5a load 10ma load 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 output voltage (v) input voltage (v) dropout characteristics (2.5v) 5a load 10ma load 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 1.5 1.8 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.5 3.8 4.0 4.3 output voltage (v) input voltage (v) dropout characteristics (3.3v) 10ma load 5a load 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 ground current (ma) output current (a) ground current vs. output current 2.5v out 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 012345 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. suppl (1.5v) 10ma 100ma 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. suppl (1.5v) 2.5a 5a 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 012345 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. suppl (1.8v) 10ma 100ma 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 012345 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. suppl (1.8v) 2.5a 5a 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 012345 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. suppl (2.5v) 10ma 100ma
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 6 m9999-050511-b 0 0.02 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.12 01234 5 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. supply (2.5v) 2.5a 5a 0 0.20 0.40 0.60 0.80 1.00 1.20 1.40 1.60 1.80 01234 5 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. supply (3.3v) 100ma 10ma 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 01234 5 ground current (ma) input voltage (v) ground current vs. supply (3.3v) 2.5a 5a 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 ground current (ma) temperature ( c) ground current vs. temperature 100m a 10m a 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 ground current (ma) temperature ( c) ground current vs. temperature 2.5a 1a 5a 2.40 2.42 2.44 2.46 2.48 2.50 2.52 2.54 2.56 2.58 2.60 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 output voltage (v) temperature ( c) output voltage vs. temperature 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2.25 3 3.75 4.5 5.25 6 short circuit current (a) supply voltage (v) short circuit current vs. suppl voltage 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 output voltage (v) temperature ( c) short circuit current vs. temperature 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 error flag (v) ) v in =5v flag high (ok) flag low (fault) 0.01 0.1 1 10 1k 100 10k error flag pull-up resistor 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 -40 -20 02 04 06 08 0 100 120 enable current( a) temperature ( c) enable current vs. temperature
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 7 m9999-050511-b functional characteristics v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 100f ceramic i out = 5a enable transient response v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 100f ceramic line transient response 3.3v 5v v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 100f ceramic load transient response 1a 5a v in = 3.3v v out = 2.5v c out = 100f ceramic load transient response 100ma 5a
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 8 m9999-050511-b application information the mic37501/02 is a high-performance, low dropout voltage regulator suitable for moderate to high-current regulator applications. its 500mv dropout voltage at full load makes it especially valuable in battery- powered systems and as a hi gh-efficiency noise filter in post-regulator applications. unlike older npn-pass transistor designs, where the minimum dropout voltage is limited by the based-to-emitter voltage drop and collector-to-emitter saturation voltage, dropout performance of the pnp out put of these devices is limited only by the low v ce saturation voltage. a trade-off for the low dropout voltage is a varying base drive requirement. micrel?s super eta pnp ? process reduces this drive requirement to only 2% to 5% of the load current. the mic37501/02 regulator is fully protected from damage due to fault conditions. current limiting is provided. this limiting is linear; output current during overload conditions is constant. thermal shutdown disables the device when the die temperature exceeds the maximum safe operating temperature. the output structure of these regulators allows voltages in excess of the desired output voltage to be applied without reverse current flow. thermal design linear regulators are simple to use. the most complicated design parameters to consider are thermal characteristics. thermal design requires the following application-specific parameters: ? maximum ambient temperature (t a ) ? output current (i out ) ? output voltage (v out ) ? input voltage (v in ) ? ground current (i gnd ) first, calculate the power dissipation of the regulator from these numbers and the device parameters from this data sheet. p d = (v in ? v out ) i out + v in i gnd where the ground current is approximated by using numbers from the ?electrical characteristics? or ?typical characteristics? sections. the heat sink thermal resistance is then determined with this formula: sa = ((t j (max) ? t a )/ p d ) ? ( jc + cs ) where t j (max) ?125 c and cs is between 0 c and 2 c/w. the heat sink may be significantly reduced in applications where the minimum input voltage is known and is large compared with the dropout voltage. use a series input resistor to drop excessive voltage and distribute the heat between this resistor and the regulator. the low drop out properties of micrel super eta pnp ? regulators allow significant reductions in regulator power dissipation and the associated heat sink without compromising performance. when this technique is employed, a capacitor of at least 1.0f is needed directly between the input and regulator ground. refer to ?application note 9? for further details and examples on thermal design and heat sink applications. output capacitor the mic37501/02 requires an output capacitor for stable operation. as a cap ldo, the mic37501/02 can operate with ceramic output capacitors as long as the amount of capacitance is 100f or greater. for values of output capacitance lower than 100f, the recommended esr range is 200m ? to 2 ? . the minimum value of output capacitance recommended for the mic37501/02 is 47f. for 100f or greater, the esr range recommended is less than 1? . ultra-low esr ceramic capacitors are recommended for output capacitance of 100f or greater to help improve transient response and noise reduction at high frequency. x7r/x5r dielectric-type ceramic capacitors are recommended because of their temperature perform ance. x7rtype capacitors change capacitance by 15% over their operating temperature range and are the most stable type of ceramic capacitors. z5u and y5v dielectric capacitors change value by as much as 50% and 60%, respectively, over their operating temperature ranges. to use a ceramic chip capacitor with y5v dielectric, the value must be much higher than an x7r ceramic capacitor to ensure the same minimum capacitance over the equivalent operating temperature range. input capacitor an input capacitor of 1.0f or greater is recom- mended when the device is more than 4 inches away from the bulk supply capaci tance, or when the supply is a battery. small, surfacemount chip capacitors can be used for the bypassing. the capacitor should be placed within 1" of the device for optimal performance. larger values will help to im prove ripple rejection by bypassing the input to the regulator, further improving the integrity of the output voltage. transient response and 3.3v to 2.5v, 2.5v to 1.8v or 1.65v, or 2.5v to 1.5v conversions the mic37501/02 has excellent transient response to variations in input voltage and load current. the device has been designed to respond quickly to load current variations and input voltage variations. large output capacitors are not required to obtain this performance. a standard 47f output capacitor is all
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 9 m9999-050511-b that is required. larger values help to improve performance even further. enable input the mic37501/02 also features an enable input for on/off control of the device. its shutdown state draws ?zero? current (only microamperes of leakage). the enable input is ttl/cmos-compatible for simple logic interface, but can be connected up to v in . when enabled, it draws approximately 15a. by virtue of its low dropout voltage, this device does not saturate into dropout as readily as similar npn- based designs. when converting from 3.3v to 2.5v, 2.5v to 1.8v or 1.65v, or 2.5v to 1.5v, the npn- based regulators are already operating in dropout, with typical dropout requirements of 1.2v or greater. to convert down to 2.5v without operating in dropout, npn-based regulators require an input voltage of at least 3.7v. the mic37501/ 02 regulator will provide excellent performance with an input as low as 3.0v or 2.25v, respectively. this gives the pnp-based regulators a distinct advant age over older, npn-based linear regulators. adjustable regulator design in r1 v out v in c out r2 en out adj gnd mic37502 enable shutdown v 1.240v 1 r1 r2 out =+ ? ? ? ? ? ? minimum load current the mic37501/02 regulator is specified between finite loads. if the output current is too small, leakage currents dominate and the output voltage rises. a 10ma minimum load current is necessary for proper operation. figure 2. adjustable regulator with resistors error flag the mic37502 allows programming the output voltage anywhere between 1.24v and the 5.5v maximum operating rating of the family. two resistors are used. resistors can be quite large, up to 1m ? , because of the very high input impedance and low bias current of the sense comparator. the mic37501 features an error flag circuit that monitors the output voltage and signals an error condition when the voltage drops 5% below the nominal output voltage. the error flag is an open- collector output that can sink 10ma during a fault condition. the resistor values are calculated by: low output voltage can be caused by a number of problems, including an overcurrent fault (device in current limit) or low input voltage. the flag is inoperative during overtemperature shutdown. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? = 1 1.240 v r2r1 out where v out is the desired output voltage. figure 2 shows component definition. a pplications with widely varying load currents may scale the resistors to draw the minimum load current required for proper operation (see above).
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 10 m9999-050511-b package information 7-pin s-pak (r) 1 1 3 4 1 2 3 4 2 1 5-pin to-263 (u)
micrel, inc. mic37501/37502 may 2011 11 m9999-050511-b micrel, inc. 2180 fortune drive san jose, ca 95131 usa tel +1 (408) 944-0800 fa x +1 (408) 474-1000 web http://www.micrel.com micrel makes no representations or warranties with respect to t he accuracy or completeness of the information furnished in this data sheet. this information is not intended as a warranty and micrel does not assume responsibility for it s use. micrel reserves the right to change circuitry, specifications and descriptions at any time without notice. no license, whether expre ss, implied, arising by estoppel or other wise, to any intellectual property rights is granted by this document. except as provided in micrel?s terms and conditions of sale for such products, mi crel assumes no liability whatsoever, and micrel disclaims any express or implied warranty relating to the sale and/or use of micrel products including l iability or warranties relating to fitness for a particular purpose, merchantability, or infringement of an y patent, copyright or other intellectual p roperty right. micrel products are not designed or authori zed for use as components in life support app liances, devices or systems where malfu nction of a product can reasonably be expected to result in pers onal injury. life support devices or system s are devices or systems that (a) are in tended for surgical implant into the body or (b) support or sustain life, and whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury to the user. a purchaser?s use or sale of micrel produc ts for use in life support app liances, devices or systems is a purchaser?s own risk a nd purchaser agrees to fully indemnify micrel for any damages resulting from such use or sale. ? 2004 micrel, incorporated.

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